Cassava Residue and Animal Feces Organic Fertilizer Pellet Plant in Ghana

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Project Background

Ghana’s agricultural sector produces significant volumes of cassava, cocoa, and other crops, resulting in a large quantity of residues. Cassava processing generates substantial amounts of peelings and pulp residue, which are often underutilized. In parallel, local livestock operations produce manure that, if not properly managed, can cause pollution and odor issues.

To address these challenges, a consortium of local agribusiness investors and a cooperative of livestock farmers proposed a project to integrate cassava residue and animal feces into a cassava residue and animal feces organic fertilizer pellet plant in Ghana. The primary goal is to convert waste into value-added fertilizer products while reducing environmental pollution and supporting sustainable agriculture.

The client is a Ghana-based agricultural enterprise with extensive cassava and livestock operations. The project aims to utilize locally available raw materials—cassava residue, pig manure, cattle manure, and poultry litter—to produce organic fertilizers suitable for crop cultivation.

Project Objectives:

1. Expand organic fertilizer production capacity from 10,000 tons/year to 100,000 tons/year.
2. Maximize utilization of cassava residues and animal manures.
3. Establish a modern, mechanized, and environmentally compliant production facility.
4. Improve supply of organic fertilizers for local farmers and export markets.

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Construction Content and Scale

The plant expansion includes the renovation of 1,500 m² of existing production facilities and the construction of 6,000 m² of new production, auxiliary, and storage buildings. The total area of the project site is 32 acres. The new construction accommodates fermentation pits, granulation workshops, offices, and storage areas.

Project Components

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Products and Specifications

The plant produces high-quality organic fertilizer pellets. The expansion increases annual production from 10,000 tons to 100,000 tons. The product is bagged in 25 kg packages and meets international organic fertilizer standards.

Quality Standards for Organic Fertilizer:

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Raw Materials and Energy Consumption

The cassava residue and animal feces organic fertilizer pellet plant in Ghana primarily relies on locally available cassava processing residues and animal manures. Straw and wood chips are also added to improve pellet structure and nutrient content.

Raw Materials Description

Cassava residue is a by-product from cassava processing plants, characterized by high organic content and 20% moisture. Manure types include cattle, pig, and poultry manures with moisture ranging from 60% to 70%. Potassium humate is included as a nutrient enhancer.

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Main Equipment

The organic fertilizer production line includes modern equipment to support each production stage, selected to handle large volumes efficiently.

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Water Supply and Drainage

The cassava residue and animal feces organic fertilizer pellet plant in Ghana uses on-site well water for production cleaning and limited domestic use.

1. Domestic Water Use: 20 employees, 50 L/person/day → 1 m³/day (300 m³/year). Domestic wastewater treated in septic tanks and reused for fertilization.
2. Suction Truck Cleaning Water: 0.5 m³/day → 150 m³/year. Wastewater enters fermentation pit.

Drainage is designed as rainwater and wastewater separation. Rainwater enters nearby drainage; cleaning water is reused for fermentation; domestic wastewater treated and reused.

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Labor and Work System

After expansion, 25 employees operate under a daytime work schedule, eight hours per day, approximately 300 days per year.

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Process Flow and Pollution Control

1. Operational Process

Mixing & Blending: Raw materials, including cassava residue and animal manures, are delivered by suction trucks, weighed, and mixed in turners. Moisture is controlled below 40%. Minor dust and odor are generated.

Composting & Fermentation: Mixed materials undergo aerobic composting in open piles with controlled turning and temperature (45–55°C) for approximately 20 days. Odor is mitigated via enclosed fermentation and micro-negative pressure exhaust.

Crushing & Screening: Fermented materials (~30% moisture) are conveyed to crushers and sieves to produce uniform organic fertilizer pellets. Dust is collected via bag filters.

Packaging & Storage: Finished products are bagged (25 kg) and stored in dedicated warehouses.

2. Pollution Control Measures

• Wastewater: Reused for fermentation; domestic wastewater treated in septic tanks.
• Odor: Fermentation pits are enclosed, and exhaust gases are treated with biofilters before venting.
• Dust: Bag filters on crushers and sieves; collected dust is reused in production.
• Noise: Machinery installed with vibration dampers; workshops insulated.

The organic fertilizer production project employs aerobic fermentation and granulation technology. Cassava residue and animal feces are mixed with straw or wood chips to adjust carbon-to-nitrogen ratio. Fermentation reduces pathogens and stabilizes nutrients. Granulation produces uniform pellets, which are then dried (if necessary) and screened. The process ensures high organic matter retention and nutrient content.

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Market and Investment Prospects in Ghana

Ghana’s agricultural sector is rapidly adopting organic fertilizers due to soil fertility concerns and government incentives for sustainable farming. The cassava residue and animal feces organic fertilizer pellet plant in Ghana offers several advantages:

• Utilizes abundant local residues, reducing waste disposal issues.
• Produces high-quality, standardized organic fertilizers for crops like maize, cocoa, cassava, and vegetables.
• Supports circular economy and environmental sustainability.
• Potential to supply both domestic and regional markets in West Africa.

Investment in such projects is attractive due to:

1. Low raw material cost (cassava residue and animal manure readily available).
2. Strong government support for organic fertilizer production.
3. Growing demand among smallholder and commercial farmers.

RICHI Machinery provided professional consultation, equipment supply, installation guidance, and on-site training. Their advanced granulation and fermentation equipment ensures efficient, stable, and high-quality production. Clients can expect reliable operation, reduced labor, and high product consistency.

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Project Summary

The cassava residue and animal feces organic fertilizer pellet plant in Ghana demonstrates a successful integration of agricultural residue utilization, livestock waste management, and mechanized organic fertilizer production. With a production capacity of 100,000 tons/year, modern equipment, and strong environmental compliance, the project sets a benchmark for sustainable fertilizer manufacturing in West Africa.

The plant is equipped to handle cassava residue, cattle, pig, and chicken manures, with auxiliary straw and wood chips. The process ensures high organic matter retention, nutrient-rich pellets, and minimized environmental impact.

RICHI Machinery’s expertise in equipment manufacturing and project implementation guarantees clients a turnkey solution with reliable operation, making this plant an exemplary model for similar projects across Ghana and neighboring countries.