hen feed Making machine

RICHI can provide processing technology for mature powdered feed for laying hen poultry feed production lines. The emergence of matured powder has enabled powdered feed to achieve a qualitative leap. And it has been widely used internationally.

(According to the needs of different customers, we can also configure traditional laying hen feed processing technology and laying hen feed pellet processing technology)

The aging process of raw dry powdered feed basically consists of aging, conditioning, heat preservation, homogenization, drying, cooling, mixing and other processes. The processing technology of matured powder feed is simple to operate and the quality is easy to control.

Conditioning or extrusion expansion and ripening can significantly sterilize and meet the requirements for safe production of laying hens. Commonly used curing processes include the following:

So, how to make layer mash for chickens？Process type of mature powdered feed：

（1）Puffed powder aging process

This process is to process the feed under high temperature and high pressure to obtain a finished product with high maturity. The degree of starch gelatinization can be as high as 80% or more. It is also low in bacteria and rich in nutrients. It is very in line with the breeding requirements of laying hens and can improve the feed utilization efficiency.

About 10%, the breeding effect is greatly improved, reaching more than 30%. Although this process is better than other aging processes, it has high production costs, high energy consumption and high operating skill requirements.

（2）Powder aging process of high moisture aging mixer

This process is a tempering and homogenizing process, which is simple and convenient to operate. High temperature and high moisture are used to inactivate pathogens, causing them to die due to protein coagulation. The moisture content in the feed is high, which can be as high as more than 20%, and needs to be processed through a drying process.

（3）Optimized process for tempering and homogeneous powder aging

This process strengthens the homogenization function, further improves the safety and digestibility of laying hen feed, and has the advantages of simple operation and low energy consumption.

Mature powdered feed has the advantages of convenient operation and management, simple process, safety, full price, good retention of heat-sensitive components, energy saving and environmental protection, etc. It effectively overcomes the shortcomings of raw powdered feed and enables powdered feed to achieve a qualitative leap and gradually reveal its It is a development trend to replace the use of pellet feed.

It is widely produced and used in the feed industry around the world. Currently, there are hundreds of mature powder feed production plants, making it an ideal feed choice for laying hens.

The powdery feed aging process can fully meet the requirements of laying hens. Among them, the aging process of extrusion and puffing of raw materials or finished products is the best, and the quality of the finished products is the best, but it also has certain disadvantages such as high energy consumption. In terms of economic performance, it is better to emphasize the homogenization process.

However, there is still a big gap between our country and advanced foreign countries in the laying hen feed maturation processing technology.

It is necessary to continuously adjust the process parameters of the powder curing process, combined with the breeding effect of powdery ripening polymeric powder feeding for laying hens, and gradually bring the mature technology and production equipment of powdery feed with good breeding effect into the scope of animal husbandry breeding. Promotion and application within the country will surely bring huge social and economic benefits.

Layer feed processed by RICHI hen feed machine has the following characteristics:

• Complete compound;
• Safety;
• Retention of heat-sensitive components;
• Energy saving;
• Easy to operate and manage.

(1) Complete compound

During the processing of mature powdered feed, starch and protein are crushed under natural conditions and the surface of the hydrothermally treated powder is rough because it has not been extruded. After hydrothermal treatment, the starch is gelatinized and the protein is denatured, and the surface of the powder becomes rough. Has a certain degree of stickiness.

During the mixing process, larger starch and protein powder particles can absorb trace elements and vitamin particles with smaller particle sizes and become a multi-grain matured powdered feed, making the matured powdered feed have better overall properties. Valence.

Ripened powdered feed can replace some pellet feed products. Moreover, the matured powdered feed has better fluidity and reduces the dust generated during the subsequent processing of the material and the generation of automatic classification.

(2) Security

Microorganisms have poor resistance to moisture and heat. Under the action of steam, microorganisms can absorb high-temperature water in the surrounding medium, which promotes the coagulation of microbial cell proteins and accelerates the death of microorganisms. Salmonella and other pathogenic bacteria can be completely inactivated after the ripe powdered feed is treated with water and heat.

Harmful factors such as protease inhibitors are fully destroyed and inactivated, while starch is better gelatinized and protein is effectively denatured, making the mature powdered feed safer and more absorbable than unripened powder.

(3) Low loss rate of heat-sensitive components

During granulation and conditioning, heat-sensitive components must go through the process of water, heat treatment and extrusion. The loss of heat-sensitive components such as vitamins A, D3, K3 and enzyme preparations reaches 30% to 90%.

In order to meet the breeding requirements, heat-sensitive components must be Most of the sensitive components must be over-added or post-sprayed to meet the feeding requirements. The fastness of the post-sprayed heat-sensitive components to the surface is still insufficient. The heat-sensitive components of the mature powdered feed are added after water and heat treatment.

There is no need to go through the process of water and heat treatment. There is no loss of the heat-sensitive components and there is no need to add excess amounts. The accuracy of the content of heat-sensitive components in matured powdered feed is much better than that of matured pellet feed.

(4) Energy saving

Ripened powdered feed does not go through the high energy consumption pelleting section. Compared with short-term conditioning and pelleting, it can save energy consumption by 10% to 20%. Compared with long-term conditioning and pelleting, it can save energy consumption. 15%~30%. It is an energy-saving and emission-reduction process.

The processing technology of mature powdered feed can reduce the cost of feed production (including not adding excessive amounts of heat-sensitive components) by about 10% to 15%. Improved the economic benefits of feed processing plants and farms.

(5) Convenient operation and management

Ripened powdered feed is a pelleting section that has not undergone high operation and management requirements. The operation and management of matured powdered feed are easier, the quality control of matured powdered feed is easier, and the quality is easy to be guaranteed. The processing of mature powdered feed has lower requirements on operators.

(6) Safely matured powdered feed production process

The aging processing technology is the key to ensuring the quality of matured powdered feed. The production process of safe matured powdered feed is divided into intermittent and continuous.

The main process consists of aging and conditioning (water, heat treatment), heat preservation and homogenization, drying, cooling, mixing (adding trace components) and other processes. The process of aging powdered feed can add a process to the existing layer feed mill. This process is particularly suitable for laying hen feed processing. At present, this process is basically accepted by users around the world.

This process is suitable for laying hen feed processing. The relevant process parameters: curing temperature, curing time and material moisture should be determined according to the characteristics of your own equipment. The relevant process parameters are determined based on the curing effect of the material.

Producing safe feed not only requires reasonable technology, but also requires equipment to meet hygienic requirements. All laying hen feed equipment must have low material accumulation and low pollution, ensuring that the feed is first in, first out in the equipment, difficult to accumulate material, and easy to clean.

In the laying hen feed processing technology of many chicken laying hen feed factories, many customers have formulated the laying hen feed processing technology based on food safety standards, that is, strengthening the feed maturation treatment, not lifting the process after mixing, adding appropriate amounts of oil and selecting high-quality and low-quality conveying equipment, residual technologies such as self-cleaning conveyors.

The characteristics and composition of layer hen feed raw materials have a great impact on processing quality and application effects, and the composition of raw materials in feed depends on its nutritional level, supply and cost.

The nutritional requirements of laying hens change little throughout the laying period, which determines that the raw materials used in the preparation of laying hen feed are relatively simple. There is little change in the metabolic energy level of laying hens’ feed;

Reasonable feeding can make laying hens grow well, enhance immunity, and increase egg production rate. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the nutritional standards of laying hen feed.

According to national standards, the nutritional needs of laying hens include crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, crude ash, calcium, phosphorus, chlorine, sodium, sulfur and other nutrients, which must be present in appropriate proportions in the feed.

Specifically, the nutrient content per kilogram of dry feed required by laying hens is as follows:

• – Crude protein: 15% – 18%
• – Crude fat: 2.5% – 4.5%
• – Crude fiber: 5% – 7%
• – Coarse ash content: 10% – 14%
• – Calcium: 3.3g – 4.5g
• – Phosphorus: 4g – 5.5g
• – Chlorine: 0.3% – 0.4%
• – Sodium: 0.15% – 0.2%
• – Sulfur: 0.15% – 0.2%

The above are industry standards. In actual feeding, the hen feed ratio must be appropriately adjusted according to the growth stage, variety, environmental temperature, etc. of laying hens.

There are three types of feed for laying hens: powder, pellets and crumbled feed.

• Compared with powdered feed, pellet feed increases the feed intake and weight gain of laying hens, but has no effect on egg production performance;
• Feed material type has no effect on the weight gain, uniformity and death rate of laying hens.
• Pelleted broken feed can increase the body weight, egg weight and egg production of laying hens, and can reduce the feed-to-egg ratio, but the variety has a greater impact on the production performance and other indicators of laying hens than the feed type;
• Pelleted broken feed has no effect on the egg production rate and egg weight of laying hens, but only affects the feed-to-egg ratio;
• But pellet broken feed can improve the feed intake and egg production rate of laying hens under heat stress conditions;
• The production performance of laying hens fed powdered feed is better than that of pellets and pellet crushed feed;

The impact of feed type on laying hens is related to its breed and egg-laying stage. Some laying hens have better production performance when fed powdered feed, and can significantly reduce the pecking behavior of laying hens, while some laying hens is advisable to feed pellet feed.

lAlthough feeding pellet crushed feed can increase the feed intake, egg weight and qualified egg rate of laying hens, due to the high production cost of pellet crushed feed, its net income is lower than that of powdered feed, and the color of egg yolk and egg shell is reduced. Affect egg quality.

There is no consistent conclusion on the impact of feed type on the hen production performance, intestinal function and morphological structure, intestinal microorganisms, etc. of laying hens.

From the comprehensive consideration of the production performance, hen feed making machine investment, processing cost, economic benefits, etc. of laying hens, the feed type of laying hens Powdered feed is preferred, and at present, powdered feed is mainly used in actual breeding and production of laying hens.

Laying hens are fed less pellet feed, and large grain powder feed is used, so that the laying hens have a longer feeding time, consume too much energy, and prevent the laying hens from accumulating too much fat in the body, otherwise it will affect the chicken’s health. The growth and development of bones and internal organs will reduce the function of the reproductive system and affect the egg production rate and egg quality.

However, the residence time of pellet feed in the chicken stomach is shorter, and the feed intake increases, which can easily cause the laying hens to become overweight and reduce the egg production rate. In addition, the processing cost of pellet materials is high, and it is only used in the chick stage and is rarely used in other stages.

The feed formula for laying hens is to reasonably determine the proportion of various raw materials based on the nutritional needs of laying hens, the nutritional value of the feed, the current status and price of raw materials, and other conditions. It must meet the nutritional needs of laying hens, give full play to the production performance of laying hens, and obtain products with large quantities, good quality, and low cost.

Therefore, when designing the feed formula for laying hens, it is necessary to understand the requirements of various nutrients for laying hens and the characteristics of various feed raw materials. Only on this basis can reasonable and scientific coordination be carried out. The following points should be noted in the formula design of compound and concentrated layer feed.

1. Determine the nutritional standards for use

To design the feed formula for laying hens, you must first determine the nutritional standards to be used. Determining the product standards is the basis for designing the feed formula.

Most hen feed hen feed making machine plants adopt the standards of the country where they are located, and some adopt breeding company standards or foreign nutritional standards (such as NRC standards). Many larger hen feed mills have formulated corporate standards suitable for their own situations.

1.1 Feed nutritional standards of feed manufacturers

Generally, layer poultry feed plants adopt national standards, and larger feed mills have formulated corporate standards that suit their own circumstances.

1.1.1 Adopt national standards

• The state implements mandatory standards for concentrated feed for laying hens, broiler chickens, piglets, and growing and finishing pigs;
• Recommended standards are implemented for compound feed for laying hens, laying hens, and broiler chickens;
• There are neither national standards nor industry standards for concentrated feed for laying chicks and growing layers.

In this way, it is not easy to refer to when designing hen feed formulas. At the same time, due to the advancement of science and technology, some national standards are no longer adapted to the current actual situation.

For example, the application of phytase allows the phytate phosphorus in feed to be released and used by passive objects, reducing the amount of inorganic phosphorus and environmental pollution. The total phosphorus index in the standard is not suitable for the current situation.

At present, many countries have also put forward higher requirements for feed standards and have higher requirements for product analysis guarantee values. For example, concentrated feed must indicate the content of amino acids, major trace elements and vitamins, but national standards do not have values for these indicators. Therefore, national standards have certain limitations and should be used flexibly.

1.1.2 Adopt corporate standards

Due to the limitations of national standards and foreign nutritional standards (NRC standards) and their inoperability in actual hen feed making machine plants production, many laying hen feed companies have formulated corporate standards suitable for their own development.

When formulating enterprise standards, if there are national standards, they must be guided by the national standards, and the indicators must not be lower than the national standards. Enterprises are not allowed to formulate the “Feed Hygiene Standards” by themselves. They are mandatory standards and must be implemented in accordance with the “National Feed Hygiene Standards”.

1.2 Feed nutritional standards for laying hen farmers

Every time a breeding company launches a new breed of laying hens, a complete set of standards will be launched accordingly. Generally speaking, breeding companies consider their own interests and set relatively high feed standards. Laying hen farmers can make appropriate adjustments and establish corresponding feed nutrition standards based on actual local conditions.

2. Understand the market, conduct market research, meet market demand, and establish feed formula design standards

An important trend in applied nutrition of hen feed formulation is the development from the lowest cost formula to the maximum profit model, such as: lowest cost formula, parameter formula, maximum profit formula, etc.

Modern feed companies currently also use feed formula optimization technology, including shadow prices, to guide the procurement of feed raw materials and the rational use of feed within the company, and to guide the development and utilization of new technologies and new processes, thereby improving the efficiency and competitiveness of the laying hen feed company.

The combination of modern technology and modern management is also the general trend in the development of the hen feed industry.

Since the breeds and feeding methods of laying hens in a region are different, when designing feed formulas, you must first conduct market research to clarify the types of laying hens, and try to design the formula based on the recommended amounts of the breeds. If there are nutritional standards provided by the breeding company, the formula should be designed according to the standards provided by the breeding company.

3. Select raw material varieties

3.1 Select the types of raw materials commonly used in the local area and design the formula in a targeted manner

For the amino acid and trace element values of raw materials, refer to the “Feed Ingredients and Nutritional Value Table” of the Chinese Feed Database published by the state. As for the energy value of raw materials, since actual measurement is difficult, it is generally not measured and estimated using the energy estimation formula. However, it should be considered that changes in the moisture, crude ash, crude protein, and crude fiber of the raw materials may affect the energy value.

3.2 The formula should be adjusted promptly according to changes in raw material prices

When determining the price of raw materials, it is necessary to clarify whether the raw material price is the inventory price or the market price, and whether it is the forecast price or the average price. Adjust formulas in a timely manner according to price changes, which can reduce formula costs.

3.3 Control the content of crude fiber

The crude fiber content in compound feed is: 2% to 3% for chicks; 5% to 6% or more during the breeding period; 2.5% to 3.5% for laying hens, and generally controlled below 5% for chickens.

3.4 Control harmful and toxic raw materials in feed

Many feed raw materials contain some natural toxic and harmful substances. For example, rapeseed meal, cottonseed meal, etc. are not used in chick feed, salmonella (pathogenic bacteria) cannot be contained in compound feed, and the heavy metal content should not exceed the specified content.

3.5 The volume of feed composition should be adapted to the size of the chicken’s digestive tract

If the volume of the hen feed is too large, it can cause excessive burden on the digestive tract and affect the digestion and absorption of the hen feed; if the volume is too small, even if the nutrients have met the needs, the animal will still feel hungry and in a state of restlessness, which is not conducive to normal growth and production. .

3.6 Formula design should have delay properties

It is necessary to consider the impact of changes in raw materials on the color, smell and other indicators of the feed, on animal stress, palatability, market acceptance and other factors.

4. Feed formula

4.1 Formula design principles

• First of all, it must adapt to market demand and be market competitive;
• Secondly, it must be scientifically advanced and use new knowledge and achievements in the field of animal nutrition in the formula;
• Thirdly, it must be economical, and on the premise of ensuring the nutrition of livestock and poultry, the feed formula The cost is the lowest;
• Fourth, it must be operable, and on the premise of meeting market demand, it must make full use of a variety of raw material types according to the company’s own conditions to ensure stable feed quality;
• Fifth, the formula must be legal, and no additions are explicitly prohibited by the state. feed additives.

4.2 Calculation method of feed formula

In the past, feed formula calculations used simple trial-and-error methods, cross methods, diagonal methods and other methods. Nowadays, most hen feed making machine plantss use computers to design feed formulas, which not only greatly improves the calculation efficiency, but also comprehensively considers the relationship between nutrition and cost, improves resource utilization, and reduces feed costs.

5. Precautions for preparing concentrated feed

Hen feed making machine plants usually design 20% to 40% concentrated feed. If the proportion is too low, the types of feeds that users need to mix will increase, the cost will be too high, and it will be difficult for feed mills to control the final product; if the proportion is too high, the meaning of concentration will be lost.

Usually, 30% to 5% of concentrated feed is designed for laying chicks, 30% to 40% for growing chickens, and 35% to 40% for laying hens. There are two calculation methods: one is calculated from the compound feed; the other is calculated from the set ratio and then prepared according to this ratio.

When users apply concentrated feed, they should use it according to the formula recommended by the feed factory, so that quality control can be easily carried out. Due to changes in raw materials, users should recalculate the ratio to meet the main indicators.