Biomass Pellet Factory In Romania

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oVERVIEW

This is a biomass pellet factory in Romania project invested by an energy company. The project covers an area of 2,899 square meters, and is engaged in biomass pellet fuel processing. 37 sets of equipment such as slicers, dryers, and sawdust pelletizers are purchased.

After the project is completed and reaches full production, it can form an annual production capacity of 30,000 tons of biomass pellet fuel such as straw and sawdust pellets. This new project has 8 employees, working 300 days a year, day shift system, 8 hours per shift.

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Why develop a biomass pellet production line in Romania?

The prospects for developing a biomass pellet factory in Romania are generally optimistic for the following reasons:

1. Market demand

• EU policy promotion: As a member of the EU, Romania must comply with the EU’s renewable energy targets. As a clean energy, the market demand for biomass pellets will continue to grow.
• Local demand: Romania’s rural areas still rely on traditional heating methods. Biomass pellets have great market potential as an efficient and environmentally friendly alternative.

2. Resource supply

• Rich biomass resources: Romania has developed agriculture and forestry, with a large amount of agricultural waste (such as straw) and forestry waste (such as wood chips), and sufficient raw material supply at a low cost.
• Sustainable supply chain: The local raw material supply is stable, reducing external dependence, reducing production costs and supply chain risks.

3. Technology and investment

• Technical support: Romania has a certain amount of technical accumulation in the field of biomass energy, and can learn from the advanced technology of other EU countries.
• Investment environment: Romania has provided tax incentives and EU financial support to attract foreign investment, reducing the pressure of initial investment.

4. Competition and challenges

• Market competition: Despite the great market potential, some local and international companies have entered, and it is necessary to improve competitiveness through technological innovation and cost control.
• Logistics and distribution: The infrastructure in some parts of Romania is poor, which may increase logistics costs and need to optimize the distribution network.

5. Sustainable development

• Environmental benefits: Biomass pellets help reduce carbon emissions, which is in line with the environmental protection goals of Romania and the EU.
• Social benefits: The project can create jobs, promote rural economic development, and help transform the energy structure.

6. Policy support

• Government incentives: The Romanian government provides subsidies and loan support for renewable energy projects, and biomass pellet production can enjoy relevant policy benefits.
• EU funding: Romania can obtain financial support through EU funds (such as cohesion funds) for the development of renewable energy projects.

The development of biomass pellet production lines in Romania has good prospects, thanks to abundant raw material resources, policy support and market demand. Despite competition and infrastructure challenges, the project is expected to succeed and achieve sustainable development through reasonable planning and utilization of policy advantages.

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Construction content and public works

The biomass pellet factory in Romania project does not involve new construction, but only uses an existing production plant. The project entrance and exit are set at the southern boundary. A production plant is built on the project site, and the plant is divided into a raw material stacking area, a slicing area, a crushing section area, a raw material drying area, a pelletizing area and a finished product packaging and stacking area from north to south.

(1) Water supply

The project water consumption is 120t/a, mainly for the living water of new employees, all of which comes from the municipal tap water network.

(2) Drainage

The whole biomass pellet plant of this project has separate rainwater and sewage. Rainwater is collected through the rainwater pipe network and then discharged into the regional rainwater pipe network;

The new project has 96t/a of domestic sewage, which is pre-treated in the septic tank in the plant and used as agricultural fertilizer for fertilizing the fields. After the conditions for takeover are met in the long term, it will be discharged into the municipal sewage pipe network, and then into the sewage treatment company for unified treatment, and finally discharged into the local river.

(3) Power supply

The project power consumption is 3.2 million kWh/year, which is provided by the local power grid.

(4) Storage and transportation engineering

The equipment and materials of this biomass pellet factory in Romania project are stored in a special storage area and transported by car.

The public works and auxiliary works of this project are shown in the table:

Item	Construction Name		Design Capacity	Remarks
Public Engineering	Water Supply		Tap Water 120t/a	From the local tap water network
	Drainage		Domestic Sewage 96t/a	After pre-treatment in septic tanks, it will be regularly transported by surrounding farmers in the near future and used as fertilizer for fertilizing fields. In the long term, when the conditions for takeover are met, it will be discharged into the municipal sewage network and enter the sewage treatment company for centralized treatment.
	Power supply		3.2 million kWh/a	From the local power supply department
Environmental Protection Engineering	Waste gas	Gas collection hood	2 sets, collection efficiency 95%	Waste gas meets emission standards
		Bag dust collector	2 sets, dust removal efficiency 99%
		Exhaust pipe	2, 15m
	Waste water	Septic tank	Relying on the original
	solid waste	dust collection room	10m2	safe disposal of solid waste
	noise	foundation vibration reduction, factory building sound insulation	/	factory boundary noise emission meets the standard
Storage And Transportation Engineering	raw material stacking area		1000m2	/
	transport		/	special bulk transport vehicle

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Consumption of raw and auxiliary materials

The main raw and auxiliary material consumption of the whole plant of this biomass pellet factory in Romania project is as follows:

No.	Name	Annual Usage	Packaging Method	Storage Location
1	Straw	10000t	Bulk	Raw Material Stacking Area
2	Wood Chips	10000t	Bagged	Raw Material Stacking Area
3	Rice Straw	10000t	Bagged	Raw Material Stacking Area

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Energy consumption

The energy consumption of this project is as follows:

Name	Consumption
Water (tons/year)	120
Electricity (kWh/year)	3.2 million

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10-12T/H Biomass pellet Production process design

Biomass pellet process flow description:

The raw materials of this biomass pellet factory in Romania project are transported by truck and unloaded directly into the raw material storage area. The straw is transported in bulk, and the wood chips and rice husks are transported in bags. All raw materials are stored in the raw material storage area for use.

1. Slicing: The flakes and strips of straw and rice straw are sent into the trough by a forklift and a conveyor belt, and are processed by a slicer to be initially cut into small pieces. Due to the large particle size of the raw materials, there is basically no dust generated during the conveyor belt transportation. The slicer is semi-closed, with the feed port at the top. After slicing, the material is basically still in strips and blocks, with a relatively large particle size and is not easy to generate dust.
2. Crushing: The sliced ​​strips and blocks of materials and straw are sent to the crusher through a conveyor belt for crushing. The crushing process is in a closed state. The dust generated during feeding is collected by a gas hood and then treated by a bag dust collector. The dust collection efficiency is 95%, and the bag dust removal efficiency can reach 99%. The discharge port is connected to the conveying pipeline, and the crushed material enters the dryer directly through the conveyor belt.
3. Drying: The residual moisture of the crushed raw materials is dried by the dryer, and electric heating is used in this process.
4. Granulation: The screened materials are transported to the pelletizing bin for storage through a closed conveyor belt, and then sent to the pelletizer for pelletizing in the closed pelletizer. The materials are pressed into rod-shaped solid materials by mechanical pressure (20kg/cm2) and high temperature (200℃, electric heating) in the pelletizer. The granulation principle is that under high temperature and high pressure, the lignin in the wood raw material is celluloseized, so that the fibers are combined and compacted into a shape. During granulation, the exhaust gas containing water vapor and dust is collected by the gas hood and then treated by the bag dust collector. The dust collection efficiency is 95%, and the bag dust removal efficiency can reach 99%. After collection, it is returned to the pelletizing, and the exhaust gas is discharged through the exhaust pipe.
5. Screening and cooling: Since there is a small amount of unpressed powder on the particles, the obtained particle products are sent to the finished product screening machine through a conveyor belt for screening, and the powder on the pellets is screened out. The screened pellets enter the cooling bin through a conveyor belt for natural cooling. The powder is directly pumped into the bag of the equipment by the fan.
6. Finished product packaging: The cooled product is sent to the packaging machine through a conveyor belt, and the packaging machine is used to package it before leaving the factory.

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List of main biomass pellet processing equipment

According to the process flow of this biomass pellet factory in Romania project, the main equipment used in this project is as follows:

Number	Equipment name	QTY	Power (kw)
1	Slicing feed belt	1	4
2	130 slicer	1	132
3	Slicing discharge belt	1	5
4	Crushing feed belt	2	1.5*2
5	Crusher	2	90*2
6	Cyclone dust collector	2	25*2
7	Discharging belt	2	1.5*2
8	Drying feeding belt	1	2.2
9	Biomass Dryer	1	30
10	Drying discharging belt	1	2.2
11	Cyclone dust collector	1	37
12	Belt conveyor	1	2.2
13	Cyclone dust collector	2	2.2*2
14	Material dividing auger	1	5.5
15	Biomass pellet mill	6	94.1*6
16	Electric control cabinet	6	/
17	Belt conveyor	2	1.5*2
18	Skirt belt conveyor	1	3
19	Finished product screen	1	/
20	Skirt belt conveyor	1	2.2
21	Automatic packaging machine	1	2.6

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Environmental protection engineering

Since the biomass pellet factory in Romania project is built in the EU, the environmental protection control is very strict. According to customer requirements, the environmental protection measures adopted by the project are as follows:

Item		Pollution source	Pollutants	Control measures
Wastewater		Domestic sewage	COD, SS	Rely on the original
			Ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus
Waste gas	Organized	Crushing process	Particulate matter	Gas hood + bag dust removal + 15-meter high exhaust pipe emission
		Pelletizing process	Particulate matter	Gas hood + bag dust removal + 15-meter high exhaust pipe emission
	Unorganized	Production workshop	Particulate matter	Workshop exhaust system
Noise		Production workshop	Production equipment	Factory sound insulation, vibration reduction
Solid waste		Solid waste temporary storage site	Domestic waste	Set up a number of garbage bins, and the sanitation department will collect and dispose of it
			Dust collection room	Set up a 10m2 stacking area

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Is it easy to sell biomass pellets in Romania?

In Romania, the sales prospects of biomass pellets are generally good, but there are also some challenges. The following is a specific analysis:

1. Favorable factors

(1) Market demand growth

Household heating demand: Traditional heating methods (such as wood) are still widely used in rural areas of Romania. As an efficient and clean alternative, biomass pellets continue to grow in market demand.

Industrial and commercial demand: As environmental regulations become stricter, many companies and institutions turn to biomass pellets as boiler fuel, further driving demand.

(2) Policy support

EU renewable energy targets: As a member of the EU, Romania needs to achieve a renewable energy share target. Biomass pellets, as a clean energy, are supported by policies.

Government incentives: The Romanian government provides subsidies and tax incentives for renewable energy projects to encourage the production and use of biomass pellets.

(3) Export potential

EU market: Biomass pellets produced in Romania can be exported to other EU countries (such as Italy, Germany, Austria, etc.), which have a large demand for biomass pellets.

Price competitiveness: Romania has low raw material costs, and the biomass pellets produced have price advantages in the international market.

(4) Improved environmental awareness

As environmental awareness increases, more and more consumers and businesses tend to choose clean energy. Biomass pellets, as a carbon-neutral energy form, are favored.

2. Challenges

(1) Market competition

Local competition: There are already some biomass pellet producers in Romania, and the market competition is relatively fierce. New entrants need to be competitive in price, quality and service.

International competition: Biomass pellets from other countries (such as Ukraine and Russia) are cheaper and may have an impact on the local market.

(2) Consumer awareness

Traditional habits: Some rural areas still rely on traditional heating methods (such as wood), and the awareness and acceptance of biomass pellets are low. It takes time to educate the market.

Initial investment: The use of biomass pellets requires special equipment (such as pellet stoves), and consumers may need to bear a higher initial cost.

(3) Logistics and distribution

Inadequate infrastructure: The transportation infrastructure in some parts of Romania is poor, which may increase logistics costs and affect the expansion of the sales network.

Seasonal demand: The demand for biomass pellets is seasonal (high demand in winter), which may lead to sales fluctuations.

3. Sales strategy recommendations

In order to increase the sales of biomass pellets, the following strategies can be adopted:

• Market education: Through publicity and promotion, improve consumers’ awareness of the environmental protection and economic benefits of biomass pellets.
• Government cooperation: strive for government subsidies or policy support to reduce the cost of consumers purchasing pellet stoves.
• Establish a distribution network: Cooperate with local dealers to establish a distribution network covering urban and rural areas to ensure product accessibility.
• Export expansion: Take advantage of Romania’s geographical advantages to open up the EU market and increase sales channels.
• Customized products: Provide biomass pellets of different specifications and qualities according to different customer needs (such as households and industries).

The overall sales outlook for biomass pellets in Romania is optimistic, especially driven by policy support and market demand growth. However, market competition, consumer awareness and logistics challenges still need to be overcome. Through effective market strategies and reasonable pricing, the sales of biomass pellets in Romania are expected to be successful and have great export potential.